Našli sme nové muchy !

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Nájsť nový druh dvojkrídlovca (teda muchy) pre Slovensko, to sa nestáva každý deň (i keď občas i Mucha nájde novú muchu ….).

No nájsť ich hneď 14, to už je niečo !

Takýmto pozoruhodným výsledkom sa môžu pochváliť naši vedci z Katedry ekológie Prešovskej univerzity v Prešove a entomologického oddelenia Národného múzea v Prahe. V uplynulom období sa im v spolupráci s viacerými zberateľmi, od ktorých získali veľký počet entomologického materiálu z celého územia Slovenska, podarilo nájsť štrnásť nových druhov múch pre Slovensko a dokonca i nové druhy pre vedu (druhy, ktoré ešte neboli nikde vo svete zaznamenané a teda sú – respektíve boli pre vedu neznáme). Všetky tieto druhy patria do čeľade kútovkovité (vedecky Psychodidae). Sú to drobné dvojkrídle tvory, len niekoľko milimetrov veľké a nápadne pripomínajú motýle. Ich slovenský názov – kútovky, bol pravdepodobne odvodený z ich správania. Dospelé jedince, obzvlášť synantropných (v blízkosti ľudí žijúcich) druhov, s obľubou sadajú do rôznych kútov.

Bližšie neurčený zástupca čeľade Psychodidae (autor Rudolf Cáfal)
Bližšie neurčený zástupca čeľade Psychodidae (foto: Rudolf Cáfal)

Pozornosť si určite zaslúži aj nález známych, no extrémne vzácnych druhov, doposiaľ zaznamenaných len z niekoľkých lokalít vo svete, ako aj nálezy epidemiologicky zaujímavých kútoviek, ktoré môžu prenášať pôvodcov rôznych chorôb alebo spôsobovať myiázy (ochorenia spôsobené parazitovaním lariev múch v ľudskom tele).
Článok o týchto nálezoch bol publikovaný vo vedeckom periodiku a môžete si ho prečítať TU.

Podobné výsledky sú očakávané (a v niektorých prípadoch dokonca už aj predbežne potvrdené) aj v rámci iných čeľadí dvojkrídlovcov. Keďže je však táto práca časovo veľmi náročná, definitívne výsledky sa dozvieme neskôr….
Len kvalitný a detailný výskum (ktorý je u nás bohužial stále nedostatočne financovaný) je základným predpokladom pre získanie pozoruhodných objavov nie len na Slovensku ale i vo svete. Tomu nasvedčujú aj ďalšie avizované výstupy vedcov Katedry ekológie v Prešove, ktorí sa venujú nielen výskumu dvojkrídlovcov, ale aj skúmaniu ekológie hydroekosystémov a agroekosystémov.

Autor blogu: Jozef Oboňa, Katedra ekológie FHPV PU

Táto práca bola realizovaná z projektu: Inovácia vzdelávacieho a výskumného procesu ekológie ako jednej z nosných disciplín vedomostnej spoločnosti (ITMS 26110230119), ktorý je spolufinancovaný zo zdrojov EÚ.

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